Added corrections to the general registration algorithm for URAL measure:

a) Gradient withing URAL-radius to the Volume boundaries are set to 0 to avoid
introducing non-existing features that might steer registration.

b) If one of the timepoints in registration is binary (as sometimes in hybrid scenario), the URAL_NORM=Linear is always chosen for that specific timepoint independent of what
norm is specified by the user.

FireVoxel Build 155 is released.

In 3D volume DICOM load, increased the interslice distance tolerance from 1e-4 to 1e-3. This allows to load A.R. volumes without warning messages.

FireVoxel Build 154 is released.

1. Added the BrainCT  workflow (MainMenu>Applications).

Added new function "BrainCT>Segment Intracranial cavity".

2. EdgeWave dialog:  corrected a major UI error.  When no seeds are present, the logic of selecting the Connected Component choices (radiobuttons) was damaged.

3. Corrected interface and initial parameters to process the CT-brain scans without leaks.

4. Toft's model (#8):  re-arranged the optimization variables to improve the solution bounds.

5.  Introduced a “Balanced solution” concept for parametric fitting and Toft’s model in particular.

6. Tofts modified model (k-trans,Ve,Va):  implemented changes to model similar to the regular model.

7. Corrected defect:  Unable to "Crop 4D All Layer" \ "Crop 4D Active Layer" using the vector ROI.

8. Added ABT subtest for "Tofts modified (K-trans,Ve,Va)" model.

9. Fixed major bug in registration of real-valued volumes (=PET).

Fixed major bug in registration of real-valued volumes (=PET).

Added ABT subtest for "Tofts modified (K-trans,Ve,Va)" model.

Corrected defect:  Unable to "Crop 4D All Layer" \ "Crop 4D Active Layer" using the vector ROI.

Tofts modified model (k-trans,Ve,Va):  implemented changes to model similar to the regular model.

Tofts model (but general issue important to all models, incl. Eric's IVIM), this problem originated in Henry's report of very high Ve (>18000) in particular ROI fit.

During the parameter fitting, there might be numerous solutions (both voxelwise and Single ROI), whose Minimization Cost differ by the miniscule amount (<0.01 in relative terms of Absolute Minimum Cost).

We "Balance" the solution by considering all such solutions equally valid candidates.  Then several logics could apply.

Below is the result of one such "Balanced" solution, on the same AATH dataset.  Note, the balancing is done on the level of the single voxel without taking neighboring voxels into account.

New Option is added to the Parmetric Model processing:  "Balance Solution" - ON\OFF.

K-trans (regular)

K-trans (Balanced)

Ve (regular)

Ve (Balanced)

Residual (regular)

Residual (Balanced)

Toft's model (#8):  re-arranged the optimization variables to improve the solution bounds
old: (Ktrans,kep)   -> new: (Ktrans,Ve).  Since user supplies the Bounds for Ve, the calculation
of bounds for  the derived kep = Ktrans/Ve was introducing too big of the interval.

Corrected interface and initial parameters to process the CT-brain scans without leaks.

EdgeWave dialog:  corrected a major UI error.  When no seeds are present, the logic of selecting the Connected Component choices (radiobuttons) was damaged.

Added the BrainCT  workflow (MainMenu>Applications).
Added new function "BrainCT>Segment Intracranial cavity"

FireVoxel Build 153 is released.

Code work and maintenance eliminating the procedure handling 24-bit signal representations.

FireVoxel Build 152 is released.

1. Corrected the defect:  when new document & file are created as a result
of the operation, the document file name may exceed 256 characters which is
the MFC limit for VisualC++ 2010.
2.  Implemented the Registration by DICOM tags only.
3.  Completely re-engineered the AATH model.
4.  Added the ABT subtest for the AATH model.
5. Added the ABT subtest for Blood vessel segmentation.

Added the ABT subtest for Blood vessel segmentation.

Added the ABT subtest for the AATH model.

Completely re-engineered the AATH model.  Fully parallel implementation on a single TAC level.
Implementation is fast enough to process large ROIs in voxelwise manner.

"Register by DICOM-tags only" function is tested on PET-MR.

Corrected a flaw in constructing internal info on  "Image_Orientation_Patient".

Registration by DICOM tags only.  Preliminary result.   S->D and D->S.  4D->3D is tested too.

Another look at the Portal Vein residual (possible) movement after the registration.  Part of portal vein was manually drawn on 6 slices of the initial timepoints.  Corresponding TAC (VIF) was generated.  If there would be a substantial movement out of plane for the PV, we would have observed  sharp iregularities in this TAC.  However, beside one bump in the last quater the curve is very smooth which indicates that PV majorly remains in the same position.

Corrected the effect:  when new document & file are created as a result of the operation, the document file name may exceed 256 characters which is the MFC limit for VisualC++ 2010.

Liver 4D registration:  Liver ROI could be clipped to exclude the areas outside the liver from the consideration.  There is a x10 time smaller files size (66MB vs  660MBs)

FireVoxel Build 151 is released:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2lI9iEKOqv6bHEyVlFwY2MybUU/edit?usp=sharing

1.      Modified saving of ROIs to ANALYZE format to allow ImageJ to properly display the ROIs.

2.      Fixed the crash in  "MainMenu>ROI>Convert 3D to 4D" function. This was caused by incorrect creation of the DICOM header for new 4D Roi.

3.      Re-enabled ABT 8 subtest related to registration after the change in the core Autofocus registration.

4.      Mouse DCE (9 timepoint mouse brain axial dataset).  Determined the set of parameters that provides good quality registration and set these parameters as the default under the MainMenu>MouseDCE>Register using URAL.

5.      DCDI workflow:  released 1st version of the complete documentation.

6.      Finalized the DCDI workflow corresponding to the documentation

7.      Fix:  Loading Diffusion datasets with DCMTK (Siemens private b-value tag):  

Loading Diffusion datasets with DCMTK (Siemens private b-value tag):  

VM (value multiplicity) in DCMTK for the VR="OB" is always set to 1, while

it needs to be variable.  This affects the private Siemens tag for B-value

so only the first character is read (i.e.  "4" instead of "400"). 

 provided a general workaround for VR = {OB,UN}

DCDI workflow:  released 1st version of the complete documentation.

Mouse DCE (9 timepoint mouse brain axial dataset).  Determined the set of parameters that provides good quality registration and set these parameters as the default under the MainMenu>MouseDCE>Register using URAL.

Re-enabled ABT 8 subtest related to registration after the change in the core Autofocus registration.

AutoFocus Registration (3D and 4D):  substantially improved the design and implementation of the AutoFocus algorithm when the Target ROI is positioned close to the boundaries of the Volume.

Made additional corrections affecting the Gradient Measure (URAL), to always inflate Target ROI (internally and implicitly) by 1 voxel to account for the   vertice of the lattice vs.  center of the lattice representation of the gradients.

Both changes have resulted in much better registration in Liver DCDI case.

a) before registration on the mid-sagittal slice                               b) after registration

Fixed the crash in  "MainMenu>ROI>Convert 3D to 4D" function. This was caused by incorrect creation of the DICOM header for new 4D Roi.

Modified saving of ROIs to ANALYZE format to map to {0,255} instead of {0,1}.  This allows ImageJ to properly display the ROIs.

ImageJ is using an incorrect LUT table when displaying the ROI saved by FireVoxel in .IMG (Analyze 7.5) format.  Change the LUT (in Image J) to display the image properly.
I think it is a poor logic on ImageJ site in selecting the LUT.

FireVoxe Build 150 is released.
download here:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2lI9iEKOqv6ZDhESTJrZ3dHeWM/edit?usp=sharing

1. RoiStats3D dialog box: fixed the crash after closing the dialog.

2. AutoFocus4D   registration dialog box:  fixed the drop-down combo box to expose all the interpolation options during the registration.
3. Dialog "ROI split by threshold":  expanded to work with the Parametric maps.
4. Dialog Split ROI by threshold:  added "%" information for 2 separated segments.
5. Liver DCDI blood vessel segmentation:  finalized the function.  User starts with no parameters, default 20% of the voxels are chosen as a blood vessel.  Then interactive dialog pops up when user can interactively adjust that threshold based
6. Expanded the RoiStats3D dialog, so it could be activated with only ROI present (i.e. no underlying

volume).  This is useful for the ROI morphological evaluations (number of voxels, blobs, etc).

7. ABT:  created a subtest that would test Core dialogs for not crashing.

Added the dialogs to subtest  a)  RoiStat3D  b)  RoiStat4D

ABT:  created a subtest that would test Core dialogs for not crashing.
Added the dialogs to subtest
a)  RoiStat3D
b)  RoiStat4D

Expanded the RoiStats3D dialog, so it could be activated with only ROI present (i.e. no underlying
volume).  This is useful for the ROI morphological evaluations (number of voxels, blobs, etc).

Liver DCDI blood vessel segmentation:  finalized the function.  User starts with no parameters, default 20% of the voxels are chosen as a blood vessel.  Then interactive dialog pops up when user can interactively adjust that threshold based on visual evaluation of "Time-to-Peak" parametric map.

Dialog Split ROI by threshold:  added "%" information for 2 separated segments.

Dialog "ROI split by threshold":  expanded to work with the Parametric maps.

AutoFocus4D   registration dialog box:  fixed the drop-down combo box to expose all the interpolation options during the registration.

RoiStats3D dialog box: fixed the crash after closing the dialog.

Liver Blood vessel segmentation.
New method is based on the "Time of Active Rise" technique developed years ago.  This can be applied to any organ in dynamic contrast studies.  "Time of Active Rise" parametric map is constructed and then a single simple threshold is chosen (in seconds).

FireVoxel Build 149 is released.

Download at:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2lI9iEKOqv6N2U0a08taG9ZM2c/edit?usp=sharing



1. Sulci-ROI segmentation:  implemented function "Wave Distance" from the Brain mask ROI surface to its convex hull.
2. Implemented  the Support Module for measuring the Wave Distances in various scenarios.
3. Prototype of Sulci segmentation from  GM-CSF interface.
4. Fixed the crash related to DICOM features:  when volume is transformed with the dimension change (or similar operation),.
5. ABT: new subtest for Rotate+Scale of large volumes with all possible interpolations.
6. Volume Affine transform:  optimized memory usage  and workflow so it is possible to have a destination volume exceeding 1.5 billion voxels. 
7. Volume histogram calculation: optimized the memory workflow so very large volumes could be processed. 
8. DICOM load of very large: optimized memory workflow so no memory failure happens on 1.5 billion voxel volume.
9. Volume Arithmetic operations on very large volumes:  Optimized the memory workflow so the operations do not fail on volumes with upto 1.5 billion voxels timepoint.
10. SIEMENS De-identified DICOM load:  corrected the logic so the 4D dataset could be logically combined and loaded properly.
11. Added User Interface-level functions:
  a)Measure Surface Wave distance to Inside of the ROI
  b)Measure Surface Wave distance to Outside of the ROI

12. Surface Atrophy Depth measurement.  Added User Interface function "MainMenu>Brain>Measure Surface Atrophy depth"

13. Bruker ANALYZE 7.5:  added detection of the signed short integers in ANALYZE file, then offering user an option to treat file as a Bruker ANALYZE 7.5

14. Corrected the loading of ANALYZE-based  (.img)   4D file (.time).

15. MainMenu> {"Open RAW 3D", "Open RAW 4D"} functions:  added functionality so that last used extension is remembered and used as the default next time the dialog opens.

16. Completely re-engineered User Interface and the implementation of the "Aggregate projections"  -  {MIP,Surface}

17. Corrected the UI behavios:  In EdgeWave, if Vol+RoI is present,  ROI is disabled (invisible), but being Active ROI was still chosen as the operand.

18. Parametric Map calculation:  when resulting file is loaded, a check is performed if invalid floating point number is present (INF or NAN), message is  then displayed.

19. Dynamic Parametric Map module:  completely re-engineered the Model-1 ("Variation") and added an ABT validation subtest for this model.

20. Dynamic Parametric Models: Completely re-engineered Model 4 - "Input Function Distance". Added a corresponding ABT validation subtest.
21. Dynamic Parametric Models: Completely re-engineered Model 5 - "Custom Time of Active Rise". Added a corresponding ABT validation subtest.

Dynamic Parametric Models: Completely re-engineered Model 5 - "Custom Time of Active Rise". Added a corresponding ABT validation subtest.

Dynamic Parametric Models: Completely re-engineered Model 4 - "Input Function Distance". Added a corresponding ABT validation subtest.

Dynamic Parametric Map module:  completely re-engineered the Model-1 ("Variation") and added an ABT validation subtest for this model.

Parametric Map calculation:  when resulting file is loaded, a check is performed if invalid floating point number is present (INF or NAN), message is  then displayed to help pinpoint the source of the overflow.  Parametric map loading is then interrupted.

Corrected the UI behavios:  In EdgeWave, if Vol+RoI is present,  ROI is disabled (invisible), but being Active ROI was still chosen as the operand.

Completely re-engineered User Interface and the implementation of the "Aggregate projections"  -  {MIP,Surface}

MainMenu> {"Open RAW 3D", "Open RAW 4D"} functions:  added functionality so that last used extension is remembered and used as the default next time the dialog opens.

Corrected the loading of ANALYZE-based  (.img)   4D file (.time).

There was an additional typo error in the supplied header in image dimensions.



Also, the header of the .TIME file contains a different resolution (1,1,1 mm) from the information stored inside the individual  .img files.   (0.075, 0.15, 0.15mm)

Bruker ANALYZE 7.5:  added detection of the signed short integers in ANALYZE file, then offering user an option to treat file as a Bruker ANALYZE 7.5
File is now loading directly to FireVoxel (using supplied code sample, but without division by 10, see the MaxSI value reported).

                                           Surface Atrophy Depth meausrement.

Added User Interface function "MainMenu>Brain>Measure Surface Atrophy depth"

Two longitudinal timepoints Time0 (2009) and Time2 (2011)  of the same patient's brain were processed.

Step 1.
Brain Mask was extracted using FireVoxel\EdgeWave (after non-uniformity correction using FireVoxel BiCal).

Step 2.
Two Brain Masks were then registered using the Rigid Transform so they are overlaid in the same coordinate system of the Time2











Step 3.  For the Brain Mask of the earlier volume (Time0) we calculated the depth from the Surface into the brain (measured in 0.01 mm).


Step 4.  That "Depth from the surface" map of Time0, was then projected onto the surface-only  BrainMask of Time2.  Thus the surface values of the "Atrophy Depth map" were constructed.
One projection was rendered using the primitive rendering ability of the FireVoxel.

Depth of Surface atrophy (in 0.01 mm). Transparent voxels are due to FireVoxel's rudimentary volume rendering.

As a next step would try to regenerate the surface using better volume rendering tools.

Added User Interface-level functions:
a)Measure Surface Wave distance to Inside of the ROI
b)Measure Surface Wave distance to Outside of the ROI

SIEMENS De-identified DICOM load:  corrected the logic so the 4D dataset could be logically combined and loaded properly.  The problem was in De-dentifies replacing the TAG_PATIENT_ID differently for each timepoint.

Two timepoint T0(2009) and T1(2011) were
a) Whole brain segmented for masks M0 and M1.
b) Brain masks M0 and M1 were co-registered.


Result is below:
M0 - red mask (earlier)
M1 - blue mask (later)
Purple (red+blue) = overlap of M0 & M1

Prototype of Sulci-segmentation from T2-weighted image  MS31a_T2 using HullWave algorithm

I had to try BrainMask on T2, was not able to find optimal parameters to generate full BrainMask on T2.  But result seems to be good for the upper surface of the brain relevant for Sulci-segmentation.

HullWave works with the binary brain mask obtained from T1,T2 using any segmentation algorithm (FireVoxel\EdgeWave was used in this instance).

Map of detected Sulcal depth (in 0.01 mm)

Volume Arithmetic operations on very large volumes:  Optimized the memory workflow so the operations do not fail on volumes with upto 1.5 billion voxels /timepoint.

DICOM load of very large: optimized memory workflow so no memory failure happens on 1.5 billion voxel volume.

Volume histogram calculation: optimized the memory workflow so very large volumes could be processed.  This function is part of every volume loading operation.  Added optional progress indicator.

Volume Affine transform:  optimized memory usage  and workflow so it is possible to have a destination volume exceeding 1.5 billion voxels. This includes viewing of the resulting volume (rest of the image processing operations is not guaranteed due to 32-bit limits).  Added an optional progress indicator during the Affine reslicing.

Fixing defect:  ABT   Rotate+Scale subtest with the Scale=3 produces a crash.

Continued the work to correctly create DICOM header after the transformation {Affine}.
Added ABT test for the Rotation+LargeScale of the 3D brain volume, and checking the SaveDicom\LoadDicom combination.

ABT: adding a subtest for Rotate+Scale of large volumes with all possible interpolations.

Corrected the crash related to DICOM features:  when volume is transformed with the dimension change (or similar operation),  new internal DICOM headers have to be rebuilt.  Presently it produces a crash because the new number of slices can be bigger.

When volume is reformatted (f.e. changing dimensions), internal DICOM headers were not generated properly for the new volume, producing a crash.  Now fixed. 

Prototype of Sulci segmentation from  GM-CSF interface.
In the literature two possible approaches are described:
a) Having the Whole Brain (WM+GM) mask, segment Sulci using the GM-CSF interface.
b) Having the separate WM and GM mask, segment Sulci using the WM-GM interface.

MethodA is simpler to implement but there are much more difficult cases many sulci are too narrow to be reflected on the whole Brain Mask.

MethodB is considered more reliable, due to thicker layer of GM, but requires the WM-GM segmentation (not present in FireVoxel at the moment).

Here are the results of MethodA implemented in FireVoxel.  Sulci is represented as a color map where color corresponds to the length of the curved path from the "brain hull\envelop" to the particular point in sulcal space (measured in mm).

"Curved depth" map in 0.01 mm units.

Implementing, testing and debugging the Support Module for measuring the Wave Distances in various scenarios.

Sulci-ROI segmentation:  implementing function for defining the "Wave Distance" from the Brain mask ROI surface to its convex hull.

Experimenting with the "Sulci-ROI" detection algorithm using the brain mask (EdgeWave) as the input.

FireVoxel Build 148 is released.

1. Fixed the defect of crashing (greek)  GE DICOM.
2. Fixed the defect with initial document projection when loading the FVX document file.
3. Fixed the crash, when the RAW file picked from the "Recent File List" but actually missing on disk produces the crash.
4. Fixed the load RAW (.im) -> save FVX -> load FVX  failure.
5. Fixed the "Simple Model" not displaying the result of Parametric Map calculation.
6. ABT test:  added subtest to the "Signal measurements" (#0) model.
7. FireVoxel distribution package:  removed redundant libimp5md.dll ( Intel OpenMP)
8. Removed all the usage of Intel Performance Primitives and remove 4 corresponding DLLs from the distribution package.

9.  Fixed RoiStats3D dialog error in reporting the Median value of the ROI.

Fixed RoiStats3D dialog error in reporting the Median value of the ROI (reported by Tracy Butler).

Removed all the usage of Intel Performance Primitives and remove 4 corresponding DLLs (ipp*.dll) from the distribution package.

FireVoxel distribution package:  removed redundant libimp5md.dll ( Intel OpenMP)

ABT test:  added subtest to the "Signal measurements" (#0) model.

Fixed the "Simple Model" not displaying the result of Parametric Map calculation.

Fixed the load RAW (.im) -> save FVX -> load FVX  failure.

Fixed the crash, when the RAW file picked from the "Recent File List" but actually missing on disk produces the crash.

Fixed the defect with initial document projection when loading the FVX document file.

Fixed the defect of crashing (greek)  GE DICOM.

FireVoxel Build 147 is released.

1. Dialog RoiStats 4D:  corrected the synchronization effect between displayed TAC and the underlying volume window.

2. Blood Vessel map segmentation: Implemented additional controls to adjust the how aggressive the segmentation is:

a) Introduced "vessel time delay" parameter due to dispersion

b) L2-Normalization of TAC comparison, since the numerical values of TACs and IFs are quite different due to dispersion and better shape comparison is expected that way.

Parallelized segmentation algorithm.

3. DCMTK integration:  implemented the DICOM Save function.

4. DCMTK integration:  Implemented the DICOM Crop & Save subtest

5. DCMTK library is fully integrated.

6. Fixed the RAW file load defect (initial slice\Film view projection).

RAW file load defect (initial slice\Film view projection):  fixed.
This was due to recently introduced feature of remembering the initial View in the FVX file format, an unintended consequence.

DCMTK library is now 100% integrated.

DCMTK integration:  implementing 2 core support function for reformatting the DCMTK headers after crop and other attribute change operations.  This is used in every single FVX operation that generates a new volume after some processing.

DCMTK library integration:  adding the Automatic Build Test subtest when
a. DICOM document loaded -> VA
b) Result is cropped and saved to DICOM
c) Result is loaded from created DICOM -> VB
d) VA and VB are compared.

DCMTK integration:  debugging the   Load RAW->Save DICOM-> Load DICOM->Compare to RAW operation.

DCMTK:  implemented the creation of the Basic  Dicom header when loading a non-DICOM file (f.e RAW).  This is required for the Dicom-Save functionality.

DCMTK integration:  implemented the DICOM Save function.

Blood Vessel map segmentation: Implemented additional controls to adjust the how aggressive the segmentation is:
a) Introduced "vessel time delay" parameter due to dispersion
b) L2-Normalization of TAC comparison, since the numerical values of TACs and IFs are quite different due to dispersion and better shape comparison is expected that way.

Parallelized segmentation algorithm.

If we make parameters of Blood Vessel segmentation to remove more susceptible blood vessels we can bring the fa (Arterial fraction) all the way down to minimal 0.05.  At that level the modelling result seem to stabilize, i.e. removing even  more vessels does not make difference.

Dialog RoiStats 4D:  corrected the synchronization effect between displayed TAC and the underlying volume window.

Liver DCDI:  Performed alternative Blood Vessel segmentation, using the 4D algorithm that takes into account all the timepoints. Result is quite different, with fa=0.24 (comparing to fa=0.32 for the 3D vessel segmentation)

Liver DCDI modelling:  comparison of Whole Liver ROI   vs.  Whole Liver without Blood vessels.

FireVoxel Build 146A is released.

1. FVX file format, version4:  implemented format extension to be able to save current dynamic model and the Input functions.  This would be a great productivity multiplier both for end-User and developer.
2. General  4D "Blood vessel segmentation" algorithm and UI with User-provided input function(s).
3. Implemented and added an UI item  "MainMenu>Segment>Segment dark ridges"  which complements the existing "Segment bright ridges" functionality.
4. Implemented Liver DCDI  Blood Vessel Segmentation 3D:  this is an alternative algorithm that uses a single pre-contrast timepoint  assuming the vessels are darker than the liver tissue.  Existing "Dark Ridge detection"  algorithm is used.  
5. Fixed a defect in the IDIF function.

6. Added several "Keep Highest voxels for each individual timepoint" options as specified by Jean Logan.

Added several "Keep Highest voxels for each individual timepoint" options as specified by Jean Logan.

Fixed a defect in the IDIF function.

Implementing the new IDIF features requested by Jean Logan. Select top voxels {%,count,mm3}
at each individual timepoint to keep as a part of the IDIF mask.

Implemented Liver DCDI  Blood Vessel Segmentation 3D:  this is an alternative algorithm that uses a single pre-contrast timepoint  assuming the vessels are darker than the liver tissue.  Existing "Dark Ridge detection"  algorithm is used.  Existing Ridge dialog box is called.
Two ROIs are returned one for organ and the other for blood vessel.  There is no differentiation between Arterial and Venous vessels as in Segment4D variant.

Implemented and added an UI item  "MainMenu>Segment>Segment dark ridges"  which complements the existing "Segment bright ridges" functionality.

Implementing a 3-D base variant of the Blood Vessel Segmentation map.  This is in addition to the existing 4-D segmenter so the best option could be chosen.